Old Parliment Houses, Stirling Castle - Early 20th Century Postcard.
Old Parliment Houses, Stirling Castle - Early 20th Century Postcard.
MARS WARK (WORK), This etching was done in drypoint on fibrous Japan paper in dark brown black ink by SIR DAVID YOUNG CAMERON. R.A., R.S.A., R.W.S., R.S.W., R.E. 1865 - 1945.
Cameron was a prominent and prolific Scottish painter and etcher. He was born in Glasgow and studied at Glasgow School of Art. Cameron lived in Scotland where he executed most of his 500 plates. Regarded as one of the Masters of British etching.. Image size 10 x 6.5 inches / 255 x 170 mm.
The National Wallace Monument (generally known as the Wallace Monument) is a tower standing on the summit of Abbey Craig, a hilltop near Stirling in Scotland. It commemorates Sir William Wallace, the 13th century Scottish hero.
The tower was constructed following a fundraising campaign which accompanied a resurgence of Scottish national identity in the 19th century. In addition to public subscription, it was partially funded by contributions from a number of foreign donors, including Italian national leader Giuseppe Garibaldi.
Completed in 1869 to the designs of architect John Thomas Rochead, the monument is a 220 foot sandstone tower, built in the Victorian Gothic style. It stands on the Abbey Craig, a volcanic crag above Cambuskenneth Abbey, from which Wallace was said to have watched the gathering of the army of English king Edward I, just before the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
The monument is open to the general public. Visitors climb the 246 step spiral staircase to the viewing gallery inside the monument's crown, which provides expansive views of the Ochil Hills and the Forth Valley. A number of artifacts believed to belong to Wallace are on display inside the monument, including the Wallace Sword, a 5 foot 6 inch-long claymore.
Wallace Monument from Tuck's Postcard
Kings Street View - Stirling, Scotland
4060. Original Valentine's "Silveresque" postcard (220707) showing a view of The Kings Knot From Stirling Castle, Scotland.
Original r/p sepia postcard (A.582) by J.B. White Ltd., Dundee, showing a view of The Stirling Arms Hotel And New Promenade, Dunblane, Perthshire, Scotland.
This print of Stirling Castle from Abbey Craig (where the Wallace Monument stands) dates from about
the mid to late ninteenth century. The painter and engraver are unkown.
This print is titled "Stirling Church", the view is from the garden of nearby Argyle's Ludging. Our thanks to Stewart Donaldson for the information. The ruins of Mars Wark can clearly be seen between the two buildings.
Stirling Castle From Ladies Knot
North Chapel of the Holy Rude Kirk - From the Valentine Series
Stirling Castle Print by George Virtue - circa 1838.
This lithograph was printed by George Virtue & co. of London in 1838. Overall print size is 10 1/2 inches by 7 1/2 inches including white borders, actual scene is 4 3/4 inches by 6 7/8 inches.
DESCRIPTION OF PRINT:
Stirling is a royal, municipal and police burgh, river port and county town of Stirlingshire. It is finely situated on the right bank of the Forth, being served by the North British and the Caledonian railways. The old town occupies the slopes of a basaltic hill (420 ft. above the sea) terminating on the north and west in a sheer precipice. The modern quarters have been laid out on the level ground at the base, especially towards the south. Originally the town was protected on its vulnerable sides by a wall, of which remains still exist at the south end of the Black Walk.
The castle crowning the eminence is of unknown age, but from thetime that Alexander I died within its walls in 1124 till the union of the crowns in 1603 it was intimately associated with the fortunes of the Scottish monarchs. It is one of the fortresses appointed by the Act of Union to be kept in a state of repair, and is approached from the esplanade, on which stands the colossal statue of Robert Bruce, erected in 1877. The main gateway, built by James III., gives access to the lower and then to the upper square, on the south side of which stands the palace, begun by James V. (1540) and completed by Mary of Guise. The east side of the quadrangle is occupied by the parliament house, a Gothic building of the time of James IlI now used as a barrack-room and stores. On the north side of the square is the chapel royal, founded by Alexander I., rebuilt in the 15th century and again in 1594 by James VI. (who was christened in it), and afterwards converted into an armoury and finally a store-room. Beyond the upper square is the small castle garden, partly destroyed by fire in 1856 but restored, in which William, 8th earl of Douglas, was murdered by James II. (1452).
Just below the castle on the north-east is the path of Ballangeich, which is said to have given private access to the fortress, and from which James V. took his title of "Guidman of Ballangeich" when he roved incognito. Below it is Gowan Hill, and beyondthis the Mote or Heading Hill, on which Murdoch Stuart, 2nd duke of Albany, his two sons, and his~fatherin-law the Earl of Lennox, were beheaded in 1425. In the plain to the south-west were the King's Gardens, now under grass, with an octagonal turf-covered mound called the King's Knot in the centre. Farther south lies the King's Park, chiefly devoted to golf, cricket, football and curling, and containing also a race-course. On a hill of lower elevation than the castle and separated from the esplanade by a depression styled the Valley-the tilting-ground of former times-a cemetery has been laid out.
Among its chief features are the Virgin Martyrs' Memorial, representing in white marble a guardian angel and the figures of Margaret M'Lauchlan and Margaret Wilson, who were' drowned by the rising tide in Wigtown Bay for their fidelity to the Covenant (1685); the large pyramid to the memory of the Covenanters, and the Ladies' Rock, from which ladies viewed the jousts in the Valley.
With the departure of the monarchy to London in 1603 Stirling's days as a royal residence declined. But then, with the development of a Jacobite threat from the highlands, the castle was converted to a fortress guarding Stirling Bridge and a garrison came to town. A close bond was forged between the army and the burgh which continued for nearly 300 years until the eventual departure of the Argyll and Sutherland, Highlanders in 1964. Today the castle still rings with memories of its royal past, among them James V's striking Renaissance palace, the wonderfully-restored kitchens and the magnificent Great Hall.
Its walls have echoed to the sounds of many languages - kings who spoke French, queens from Denmark, soldiers who knew only Gaelic - and today the place still teems with people from all over the world. Many stop, as Queen Victoria did in 1842 and many monarchs have done since, to admire the Highland view from the castle's ramparts. It's no wonder Stirling folk are proud of 'their' castle, and the links it has given them to the world beyond.
Stirling Castle Print by Bibby - Engraved by Payne
This steel engraving dates from 1860. The artist is Bibby, the engraving was done by Payne. The print was published by Brain & Payne of London, 12 Paternoster Row. Size: Size of the image: 4 x 6; print size including blank margins: 7 1/2 x 10 1/2 inches.
Text from the original description:
The Scots lost three-fourths of their army, and retreated to Stirling, which city they reduced to ashes. Wallace resigned his office as guardian; but the subjugation of the kingdom was not complete. The English, who had left a garrison in Stirling Castle, were compelled by hunger to surrender in the year 1299; but it was retaken by the English, after a most gallant defence by Sir William Oliphant, the governor. In 1303, when Edward again conquered Scotland, Stirling Castle was again besieged, and the garrison, small in number, sustained for three months the assaults of the English, who fought immediately under the eye of their warlike sovereign. The brave Sir William Oliphant resumed the command. The walls were battered most furiously by artillery, using stones of two-hundred weight as balls, which made vast breaches in their ramparts.
The garrison, gradually diminished by the casualties of war, were insufficient for the further defence of the place; and Stirling Castle was the last fortress that surrendered in Scotland. It seems to have remained in the hands of the English until it was beseiged by Bruce in the reign of Edward II. The English advanced with an army of 100,000 men to relieve it; but Bruce, with 40,000 men, encamped between Stirling and Bannockbum, (a small rivulet flowing eastward south of Stirling, and falling into the Forth below that town. The celebrated battle ended, as is well known, in the utter defeat of the English. During the wars of Edward III. it was successively taken and retaken. In the reign of James II. the Earl of Douglas was assassinated in this castle, 1451. James VI. was crowned at Stirling, 1597, when thirteen months old, and his eldest son. Prince Henry, was born here, 1594: the baptism was performed in the Castle with great pomp.
In 1651 the fortress was besieged and taken by General Monk; the marks of this siege are still discernible in the Castle and the steeple of the church. In the last rebellion Stirling Castle was besieged in 1746, and gallantly defended by General Blakeney. General Hawley, who advanced to relieve it, was defeated by the rebels, who, however, retired on the approach of the Duke of Cumberland. It is one of the four Scottish forts (the others are Edinburgh, Dumbarton, and Black ness) which by the articles of the Union are to be constantly garrisoned.
Dunmore Park, Stirilng
Dunmore Park Print
Print comes from the book Picturesque views of seats of the Noblemen of Great Britain and Ireland. Published aobut 1880, Page is 10.3/4" high x 7.3/4" wide aprox size, including margins as shown. Dunmore Park is the site of the famous Garden Pineapple on the garden wall. Worth a visit if you are in the Stirling Area.
``xEEFuyZEulEASKvzwNT``x1134671481``xprofile_photos Stirling Castle Print By Bartlett``xmike``x
BIOGRAPHY OF ARTIST AND HISTORY OF THIS PRINT:
William Henry Bartlett, (born in London, 26 March 1809; died at sea off Malta, 13 Sept 1854) was an English draughtsman, active also in the Near East, Continental Europe and North America. He was a prolific artist and an intrepid traveler. His work became widely known through numerous engravings after his drawings published in his own and other writers' topographical books. His primary concern was to extract the picturesque aspects of a place and by means of established pictorial conventions to render 'lively impressions of actual sights', as he wrote in the preface to The Nile Boat (London, 1849). Bartlett's several views of Scotland bear the date of 1837, and as Nathaniel Parker Willis stated, "Bartlett could select his point of view so as to bring prominently into his sketch the castle or the cathedral, which history or antiquity had allowed". Most views contain some ruin or element of the past including many scenes of churches, abbeys, cathedrals and castles.. The interest in these engravings today is as much for the quality of the rendering and presentation of the architecture of the period as it is for the representation of the landscape.
``xEEFuyyAEuVpDFqgbgu``x1134669145``xprofile_castle Royal Hotel - Bridge of Allan``xmike``x
The Royal Hotel - Bridge of Allan, Stirlingshire Photo Dates from about 1885
Two postcard images of Stirling California, they date from about 1910.
Train Pushing snow above Stirling, CA 1910
Card is postmarked 1905
The text below was extracted from the CD used by the Edinburgh Center for Continuing Education for its field trips.
Stirling
Stirling’s position at the heart of Scotland and its dominance of the surrounding flat countryside has made it very important in Scotland’s history. The volcanic cliff, 350’ high with Stirling Castle - dominates the carseland, and Stirling Bridge was the first place where the Forth could be bridged and was therefore of important strategic importance. There was a fort here in pre-Roman times a stronghold of the Britons, who gave the area its name, which means ‘striving’. It was earlier called Mons Dolorum - place of grief or strife. Another derivation of the name may have been from strath or valley. There are traditionally stories of King Arthur who was a British prince associated with the castle and in medieval times it was believed to be the legendary Camelot. The first clear records are of the castle of Alexander I who died here in 1124 and who had ordered the building of a Royal Chapel on the site. David I created the Royal Burgh in 1125. It was an important port by 1150.
The castle became a major Stuart residence, the birthplace of James III and James V, who called himself the Guidman o’ Ballengeich, a croft below the castle where the young princes and princesses went sledging in winter. Both Mary Stuart and James VI were taken there for safety and James VI was brought up in the castle by Earl of Mar and George Buchanan and attended the school below the castle gates.
Important courtiers built town houses close to the Castle.
The castle is situated on well-jointed dolerite (whinstone) - part of the extensive Midland Valley Sill, a sheet of igneous rock intruded into Carboniferous sediments around 300 million years ago.
The esplanade has a statue of Robert the Bruce looking towards Bannockburn.
The outer defences, Gate was built in 1708 because of Jacobite threat and includes the earlier work by Marie de Guise from the 1550’s - French spur over the ditch to the outer defences to protect the ditch. The next defence is the Forework with the James IV towers and gatehouse which would have had pepper pot towers like Holyrood and Falkland and gave the impression of a fairy castle with the romantic connotations of Camelot. The Princes Tower lies to the left of the forework and with the Palace surrounds the Queen Anne Garden
The King’s Old Building built by James IV in 1503 is in the inner close of the Castle and is joined to the Palace, completed by James V. The King’s Old Building was designed by Walter Merlin and had tiled floors and large windows. The Palace is built round the Lion’s Den and has separate apartments for the king and queen. The queen was regarded as the representative of a foreign power and had to be treated as such with her own court. The Palace was begun by James V for his French bride Marie de Guise and part of his wedding present from his mother-in-law were French masons to build it!. Interior decorations included the Stirling Heads, oak medallions. On the outside wall is a statue of James V as the Guid Man O’ Ballangeich. The lions den courtyard was used in the filming of Colditz.
The Great Hall , recently restored, was completed in the 1490’s by James IV and was used as a banqueting hall and parliament hall. The Great Hall has features reminiscent of buildings of the court of Henry VIII with bay windows, a clerestory and hammer beam roof. The English connection is because of the marriage of James IV and Margaret Tudor and the use of English masons. The Hall was used as a barracks when the Castle was the headquarters of the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders
The Chapel Royal, completed in 1540, was the scene of the coronation of Mary Stuart and baptism of James VI. It was rebuilt by James VI for the baptism of his son Henry in 1594 and at this time a fairy castle was built in the grounds like Camelot for jousting. At the christening banquet in the Great Hall the fish course was brought in on a ship in full sail with firing canons. The frieze round the Chapel was completed for the Scottish coronation of Charles I in 1633.
The Argyll and Sutherland Regimental Museum contains a fine collection of regimental silver.
The Castle was surrounded by a park laid out by David I for hunting and jousting tournaments took place below the Castle. These could be watched from the Lady’s lookout on the north battlements. The lookout was reputedly lowered so that the 4 year old Mary Stuart could see the events below. Close to the Castle was the King’s Knot Garden, which was laid out for Charles I in 1633.
Restoration of the Castle
The Chapel was restored because of damage caused by earlier restoration which was not regarded as being very authentic. This included a modern replica of the old oak barrel ceiling and a new oak and Caithness stone floor. The new altar cloth was completed by the Stirling Embroiders Guild. The walls were lime washed.
The restoration of the Great Hall has cost £8m over 10 years and was completed by 2000. The army had hacked off any protruding features and Mann of these were used in other parts of the building. They had also used old window openings and it was possible by detective work to draw plans of the way the building had been both inside and out. The building was originally harled and colour washed and this will be replaced. The design of the hammerbeam roof was decided from early drawings and evidence from Edinburgh Castle Hall. It was necessary to build a hut and envelope over the roof before replacing it completely. The new ceiling is made from 350 Scottish oak trees which were obtained from coppiced woods owned by Forest Enterprise. Because the site from which they came was a Site of Special Scientific Interest they had to be removed by horse. The wood was prepared by medieval methods and is not seasoned. The jointing systems of the Hall were designed for green timber which as it contracts will become tighter. Every stone of the masonry was detailed and drawn. The Hall will be furnished with hangings including a Cloth of State worked by the Embroiders Guild. The fire will be usable.
The kitchens were restored to their 17th century state.
MEDIEVAL LINKS.
By Margaret Hilton.
The 12th and 13th centuries were a time of consolidation and further settlements of Flemings in Scotland: David I's wife, Mathilda, brought with her to her new home a court of Flemish nobles. For the sake of his wife David "changed the coarse stuffs of his own land for priceless vestments and covered its ancient nakedness with purple and fine linen." Many of these new fabrics came from Flanders and the fashions of the nobles who formed the court spread throughout Scotland.
David I’s son encouraged more Flemings to come and settle in Scotland, particularly in Clydesdale, and from these early settlers many of Scotland's greatest families have come. Some of these knightly settlers were granted land and became strong supporters of the King. But there were also more humble followers of these knights and they soon resumed their agricultural pursuits and their skills of weaving. Soon these Flemings began to rise to positions of authority. We have, for example Michael Fleming as Sheriff of Edinburgh about 1200 and Gilbert Fleming, a baillie of Biggar in 1322.
David I was known as a 'sair sanct for the croon' and he certainly had a great influence on the life and organisation of the church in Scotland. He was responsible for the foundation of many abbeys, including Kelso in the Scottish Borders. Soon after, its neighbour, Melrose, was established and both these abbeys became involved in sheep farming and the wool trade. Their position near the East Coast meant that their wool was exported to Flanders. In 1 182 Philip, Count of Flanders, granted exemption of taxes to Melrose who had requested free passage to sell their wools. In 1 225 again the monks of Melrose asked permission to sell their woof in Flanders. But also in the 13th century, Guy de Dampierre confiscated the property of Scottish merchants.
The wool trade of Melrose was sometimes interrupted by the wars with England, which meant that the monks could not use the port of Berwick but must send their wool through Scottish ports such as Leith. In 1296 Melrose exported through Berwick 2.000 fleeces, 3.000 sacks of wool to Bruges.
But it was not just wool which formed the links between Scotland and Flanders in the Middle Ages. In the Melrose records we read how, in 1441 Cornelius Aeltre of Bruges; carpenter; contracted to make a set of choir stalls, after the model of a church in Flanders. He received full payment beforehand. Unfortunately, immediately after the contract there was a great financial crisis and he had to pay his workmen in good new money while he himself had been paid in the old. Moreover there had been a strike and a riot in Bruges. As the stalls were not delivered the case was pleaded before the aldermen of Bruges by John Crawford, monk of Melrose. The stalls were stored in the Franciscan house of Bruges for many years.
But it was not only the monasteries which benefited from the wool trade with Flanders. From the time of David 1 onwards the Scottish records are full of laws which were enacted to regulate the trade. In the Leges Burgorum of David I, it was said that all Flemings must treat only with burgers merchants.
In 1348 a Treaty of Fair Trade and perpetual friendship between Scotland and Flanders was made and this was renewed in 1459 and again in 1394.
Matters however were not always so friendly. In 1412 the merchants League of Flanders declined to purchase from Scotsmen either at Bruges or at any other place. Cloth, either dressed or undressed manufactured from Scottish wool and in 1 418 the Compter at Bruges was ordered to refrain from all commercial relations with the Scots.
But affairs improved in 1442 when the Scottish Parliament agreed to endow a chapel of St. Ninian in the Carmelite House at Bruges and tolls were collected from ships for its support. It was here the Scottish merchants worshipped when they were in Flanders and they had their own chaplain there. It was near to their 'Place', near to their Consular House, adjoining the Augustinian Monastery but in 1470 the merchants transferred themselves to the Place St. Martin, then called Scottenplaets. For some time in the 14th century the Scottish Staple was at Bruges.
One of the most famous of the Bruges merchants at this time was Anselm Adorne. His family was influential in Bruges and he himself was widely travelled. In 1468 he came to Scotland on a trade mission to try to re-establish trade between Scotland and Flanders and while he was in Scotland he met King James III. In 1472 he returned to Bruges and was made Conservator of Scottish privileges granted by the Duke of Burgundy to 3pursue, procure, request or defend the goods of the said merchants and their rights and actions in the said city of Bruges." He was back in Scotland in 1 474 and was made Keeper of Linlithgow Palace by James III. He ran into trouble in Bruges in 1477 and was put into prison for misuse of funds. On his release he returned to Scotland and in 1483 he was murdered. He was buried in Linlithgow and there is now a plaque in the church there to commemorate him. His heart was cut out and sent to Bruges to be buried beside his wife Margaret in the family church : the Jerusalemkerke in Bruges.
A later conservator of Scottish privileges was Andrew Halyburton (1493-1503). It was said of him that "he looked after the weal of his fellow Scots carefully and saved them much expense". In 1620 Peregrine Paterson was the Conservator and had a difficult time as he had to assist and relieve many ruined Scottish merchants.
By the 16th century the Conservator was lodging in Antwerp for that town had provided a pleasant house for the use of the Conservator in which he might also lodge Scottish traders' Merchandise. When a fleet arrived from Scotland and there were too many for that house the Burgomaster was empowered to find them other lodgings. The Government of Scotland was said to be very content with their treatment. The Famous Treaty of Free Trade was ratified at Antwerp in 1551. Mary, Queen of Scots had drawn it up on one side and Charles V on the other.
But the links between Scotland and Flanders encompassed much more than the wool trade, valuable to both countries as that was. Religion also played its part. During the early Middle Ages Europe was united by a common faith and scholars, monks and clergymen travelled freely from country to country teaching, preaching and learning (For example, a Scot, Henry de Leighton, was Rector of Louvain in 1432 and later Bishop of Aberdeen). There was frequent communication between the houses of the different Monastic orders. Travel to the Papal Court in Rome (and also in Avignon) by clergymen from every country in Europe was commonplace.
But perhaps the greatest number of travellers were the Crusaders and pilgrims who had recognised routes to Jerusalem and to the shrines of the Saints such as St. James at Compostella and St Giles at the Mouth of the Rhone. St Giles also forms a link between Scotland and Flanders. The High Kirk of Edinburgh is dedicated to St Giles, and in the 15th century it received from a Crusader, William Preston, one of its greatest treasures, an arm, of St Giles as a relic. At almost the same time the church of St Giles in Bruges also received from a Crusader, Guillaume de Grauchet, an arm of St Giles. At the time of the Reformation St Giles, Edinburgh lost the relic, but St Giles in Bruges which had had its arm authenticated by the Pope, still has its relic. When the Thistle Chapel was being built in Edinburgh at the beginning of this century, an arm in a reliquary was discovered and it was sent to Bruges for comparison to see if it could be the lost arm of St Giles. But alas, both arms were left arms so the Edinburgh discovery could not be authentic.
The Wool Trade and Religion can thus be seen to have forged close links between Scotland and Flanders, but the Flemings also had a great influence on the domestic life of Scotland. When they settled here they brought their skills particularly in weaving and agriculture. More will be said about their contribution to the textile industry in a later section of this catalogue, for this included not just wool but linen, lace and blankets.
In the houses of the Mediaeval period both the large halls and palaces, as well as in the small homes of the workers the influence of the Flemish settlers was immediately apparent. In furniture the wood working skills were seen in the Flemish Kist which was very popular. The tapestry and hangings both large and small were much admired. James V in 1 539 purchased $77-18s Tapestry Arras hangers from Flanders and in 1541 John Moffat Steward brought from Flanders furnishings for the King. Tapestries were hung in churches and in town halls and for any ceremonial processions the streets were decorated with them, as in the welcome to James III's bride, Margaret of Denmark. Margaret Tudor, coming north in 1474 to marry James IV brought "according to Flemish fashion a kirtle of satin and a long gown of crimson satin, a riding gown of black Ypres cloth and a cloak and hood of same". Where the Queen led others followed and Flemish furriers, weavers of velvet, glovers and skinners were well patronised by the ladies and gentlemen of the court. That the fashion for things Flemish continued can be seen in the will of Queen Mary Stuart, where each of her four Maries received a velvet cloak of Flemish style.
In the fields of the Arts and Culture too the Flemings left their mark on Scotland. One of the finest paintings in the National Gallery in Edinburgh is the Trinity Altarpiece of Hugo van der Goes which was commissioned by Mary of Gueldres, wife of James II, for the church she founded here. It now belongs to the Queen. Van der Goes was Dean of the Guild of Painters in Ghent from 1473-1475.
Many of the Scottish Merchants trading with Flanders brought home paintings and works of Art as did Francis Spottiswood, cloth merchant of Edinburgh who brought "ane hingand brod of oleg cullouris fra Flanders". He also brought a mirror or keeking glass from the Flemish glass-works in 1521.
``xEEkpVkpkAuDvYFizTn``x1120520294``xprofile_research The Rise of the Flemish Families In Scotland``xmike``xThe following was submitted by Rick Stirling to help all of us understand better who were the people that David I surrounded himself with. Enjoy.
THE RISE OF THE FLEMISH FAMILIES IN SCOTLAND
by Annette Hardie - Stoffelen
For the Anglo-Flemish, the half century between the Norman Conquest of 1066 and the witnessing of that Glasgow Inquisitio which brought them into Scottish affairs in 1116 must have seemed like the summit of the world. After the awe-inspiring repulse of the Vikings by their fathers in Flanders, they had gone on in their own time to reach and sustain a pinnacle of achievement never known before in the history of a nation. Nationhood itself was a very young concept. Family bonds, loyalty to a liege lord, be he count, duke or king, the honour of a sacred cause, adherence to the chivalry code - these things were what bound men together, with national borders apt to be secondary to kinship, perhaps because they were so unfixed. Those Flemings who had followed Count Eustace II of Boulogne to England in 1066 and received their territories there from William of Normandy, were now being offered large tracts of Scotland because their Lady had become that country’s Queen.
In England, Henry II’s reign was marked by acts of oppression against those Flemings who had supported Stephen of Blois. Flemish noblemen were compelled to flee back across the Channel for their own safety and many of their humbler followers were forcibly removed to farming colonies such as those in Pembrokeshire, far from both the seats of English power and the cross-Channel ports from which help might have come. The East Midlands Boulonnais instituted a second wave of immigration into Scotland, where they joined their relatives already there, and were joyfully received by their royal kinsmen, successively kings of Scotland, Malcolm the Maiden and William the Lion. The latter’s choice of heraldic device, of necessity an innovatory one since he was not heir to any Boulonnais territory, underscores the sudden fashion for lions. But the tinctures were those of Boulogne. That curious device the tressure, found only in the armorials of Flanders and Scotland must have been adopted from the former country to mark the Charlemagnic descent from Queen Maud through her grandfather, Count Lambert of Lens.
In Scotland the seed of the Eustaces had ruled untroubled since the marriage of Maud de Lens to David I. Supported by descendants of her own house of Boulogne and their kinsmen, men such as Walter the Fleming (now Seton), Gilbert of Ghent/ Alost (now Lindsay), Robert de CominesISt Pol (now Comyn and Buchan), Arnulf de Hesdin (now Stewart and Graham), the counts of Louvain (now Bruce), the hereditary advocates of Bethune (now Beaton), the hereditary castellans of Lille (now Lyle), and all their cadets and followers, her own descendants continued on the throne until the tragic untimely death of her great-great-grandson, Alexander II, in 1286, followed by the equally disastrous death at sea of his own heiress and granddaughter, the little Maid of Norway, in 1290.
It has not been sufficiently understood that the wars of the Scottish succession were intimately concerned with an insistence by the Boulonnais there that their own blood should continue on the throne. For Flemings had married Flemings and by now south and east Scotland was largely populated by men and women whose ancestors had come from Gent, Guines, Ardres, Comines, St Omer, St Pol, Hesdin, Lille, Tournai, Douai, Bethune, Boulogne. The 1290 break in the Scottish-Boulonnais succession provided the English monarchy with a heaven-sent opportunity to annul the Charlemagnic descent. Stepping in as friend and mediator, Edward I flung his armed weight behind John Baliol - a man who, although undoubtedly a Fleming, was not descended in the male line from the old comital house of the Eustaces. Nor has it been properly appreciated that the Ragman Rolls of the 1290s, by which an allegiance to Edward I had to be sworn by men described by later historians as Scottish nobles, were simply lists of important people of Flemish ancestry wherever they might be found; in fact many of the names are recognisable as belonging to Boulonnais living in the East Midlands, among them the Seatons of Rutland and descendants of the Lincolnshire Gilbert of Ghent.
The patriotic William Wallace was a Scottish Celt, unacceptable as king to the Boulonnais nobility, though his bravery commended itself to some of them. Robert Bruce, cousin of the Eustaces, directly descended by several lines from both Charlemagne and David’s Queen Maud, was eligible in every way. Robert de Bruce’s ancestor came into England carrying the azure lion of Louvain, and must have been of that house, whose Maud de Louvain was the wife of Count Eustace I of Boulogne. Members of Robert’s family may well have been granted estates in Normandy at, for instance, Brix as tradition states, by a Conqueror anxious to procure both their allegiance and their Flemish ability to provide trade. Robert de Bruce very properly gave up the Louvain lion to Jocelyn de Louvain, a senior son of the family, when that prince married the heiress to the Percys; and the saltire, in the colours of Boulogne, became the mark of Bruce. And Edward I’s rage and dismay at Bruce’s coronation at Scone on March 27, 1306, may be gauged by that curious ceremony some two months later in Westminster Hall, on Whit Sunday, May 22, when he caused two live swans with gold chains about their necks to be brought into the Hall, and laying his hands upon them, swore with all his attendant nobles before God, Our Lady and the Swans’ that he would be avenged on the Scots. It was a highly expressive action. Edward’s public vow-taking was half a defiance, half a capitulation. The swan was then, as it is still, the central heraldic mark of the arms of Boulogne. For the swan legend (in spite of Lohengrin) seems to have originated at the castle of Bouillon, which was the inheritance of Eustace II’s second son, Godfrey of Bouillon. Scottish writers have followed a Celtic tradition which preferred to allot the thistle to a legend of Kenneth MacAlpine rather than give it its true (and much more thought-provoking) significance as the personal emblem of Godfrey of Bouillon, who led so many founders of Scottish families on the First Crusade.
Investigation into the rise of the European nobility - where they came from, who they were - has only recently become a subject of interest to continental historians. These 20th-century researchers have put forward various theories; some of them are in conflict with each other, chiefly because of regional differences. But the belief that the noble families of the northern part of the Continent were sprung from marriages of Charlemagne s children with the commanders of his civil or military’ administration,
retaining at least some of that power, is substantiated by virtually all the genealogical documents that have survived those distant times.
The regions where the ruling families were of Carolingian descent embrace the comtés north of the Ile de France, east of Normandy, west of Germany, including of course the whole of Flanders - a description here used broadly to include territories like Brabant and Hainaut which, though theoretically independent, were in practice part of the political ambience of the Flemish counts, and for long periods under their direct control.
Flemish families separated by the events of 1066 and subsequent years, making lives wholly apart for themselves in a Scotland divided from Flanders by an absolute gap in both time and distance, still possess armorial devices identical with those borne by men in Flanders often of the same name. The Scottish families of Flemish origin listed below are by no means the whole of the Flemish contingent that went north at David I’s request.
BAIRD
The Baird (originally’ Baard) family are first quoted as of Loftus, Yorkshire. About 1200 Richard Bard in Scotland confirmed gifts made by his father, also Richard, to Lesmahagow Priory, Lanarkshire, an action for which he had to have the consent of his lord, Robert of Biggar, grandson of the Sheriff of Lanarkshire, Baldwin the Fleming. There can be little doubt that the Baards, or Bairds, shared Baldwin’s nationality. Their arms show, in the colours of Boulogne, one of the emblems of Guines.
BALLIOL
A number of llth- and l2th-century charters survive, signed by members of the Bailleul family, which give conclusive proof that their home at the relevant dates was Bailleul near Hazebrouck in the present-day’ Nord department of France, but then, of course, in Flanders. It appears certain that Guy de Bailleul was present at the Battle of Hastings. The date when the English Balliols first acquired lands in Scotland is obscure. But that they had an interest in the Christian advancement of Scotland is shown by the gift Bernard de Balliol made to the abbey of Kelso in the year 1153, of a fishery in the river Tweed at Wudehorn. Although they chose wives from leading Flemish families, their changes of heraldic symbols (often acquired through such marriages) tend to suggest that the Balliols themselves were not of the aid Charlemagnic nobility - an important factor when judging the lack of support John Balliol received from fellow Flemings when he was trying to acquire for himself and his heirs the crown of Scotland.
BRUCE
That Brix, in the hinterland behind Cherbourg (the place in Normandy from which the Bruce family supposedly took its llth-century’ surname) should have been called after a follower of the first Duke Robert is not impossible. The old stronghold is said to have been given to Robert de Brus’s kinsman, Adam - father, brother or son - who built his castle there, perhaps after the family had come to Normandy in the retinue of Matilda of Flanders, the Conqueror’s bride. The first arms borne in England by the Bruce family - the azure lion of Louvain - shout as loudly as anything could of their connection not only with Flanders but with Queen Maud’s grandfather, Count Lambert of Lens, who was the heir of his mother, Maud de Louvain. Maud de Louvain, who married Count Eustace I of Boulogne was the granddaughter of Count Lambert I of Louvain. Her cousin Henry’s grandson, Joscelyn, through whom the comté of Louvain descended after the failure of the senior line, followed Robert de Brus in bringing the blue lion to England. Robert (later de Bruis) must have been a younger grandson of Count Lambert I and therefore a first cousin of Maud de Louvain. When Joscelyn de Louvain came to England in the mid 12th century’ to marry the heiress of the Percys, it was natural for Robert de Brus to yield up the azure lion to him as the senior representative here of the family, and Robert adopted the device thereafter associated with Bruce - the saltire.
The saltire was a known device of Flanders and in the 12th century, it was borne by a noble family of Flanders called Praet. In the early years of the 11th century they were castellans of Bruges, known to be noble and rich though their ancestry is unrecorded. Robert de Brus himself may once have been known as Robert de Bruges, since a man of that name and title holds the castellany from 1046 and probably earlier, until he disappears from Flemish records in 1053. That was the year in which Matilda of Flanders married William, Duke of Normandy. It is certain that many nobles of her country attended Matilda into the Duchy, and there is no reason why Robert de Bruges of the princely houses of Louvain and Boulogne should not have been among them. Did one of his sons, Adam, build a castle at Brix, near Cherbourg, and another, Robert, came to England after Domesday to claim the lands awarded here to his father for loyalty to the Conqueror’s wife?
We may note that the arms of the city of Bruges, adopted by its burghers in the 13th century and said to have been taken from the bearings of its castellans, show a lion rampant azure. It is possible to trace the castellans of Bruges back in time from the family of Nesle, who took over the office in 1134. Ralph de Nesle’s predecessor was Gervaise de Praet (of the saltire), who was given the office after the murder of Count Charles the Good by the Erembalds in 1127. The Erembalds were an ignoble family who brought great scandal to Flanders, culminating in the murder of its Count. They had held the Bruges castellany from 1067, having acquired it through another murder, this time of the incumbent, Castellan Baldran. Baldran’s immediate predecessor was that Robert de Bruges who left the office in 1053, the year of the marriage between Matilda of Flanders and Normandy’s Duke William. A Hainaut family, de Carnière, bore for arms a saltire and from at least the 12th century held estates near the home of Count Lambert de Lens. No connection with Praet has so far been uncovered but de Carnière had connections with another noble family, Heverlee of Louvain, who used the same arms; and one of the lordships in their fiefdom was called Brus.
CAMERON
One would not wish to disturb the legends of this brave and chivalrous family. But it might be sensible to paint out that Cameroen (Flemish for Cambron), which is one of the earliest forms of the name, is a small place in Hainaut, less than five miles from Lens where Count Lambert, grandfather of Queen Maud of Scotland, had his home. The arms of Cameron - the famous three bars of Lochiel’s shield - were the same as those of the great frontier family of Oudenaarde, peers of Flanders, advocates (or defenders) of the abbey at Ename, East Flanders, and soldiers who worked closely with the counts of Alost to keep their country’s eastern border. Oudenaarde is about 25 miles northwest of Cambron, in a tightly knit region where all the leading families were related to each other. Gillespick, the first Cameron and usually allotted an initial date of 1057 and a Celtic parentage, is the Gaelic translation, meaning servant of the Church, of the Flemish name Erkenbald - a transformation which is said to have arisen out of a mistaken belief that the bald syllable in Erkenbald referred to a monk’s tonsure, whereas bald in Flemish means bold.
CAMPBELL
It was the 8th Duke of Argyll who used to cry: "I am pure Celt"; however, there is no doubt at all that the arms of Campbell are anciently the arms of the Baldwins, Counts of Flanders. And it has to be stressed that with the extremely strong Flemish presence at the medieval Scottish court, there could be no possibility of any arms of Flanders, but above all, the comital bearings, being borne by a man not of that blood.
The device is a strange one, rare in heraldry. It seems to have arisen out of the chequers of Vermandois. The connection with Vermandois is important because Harelbeke, the first seat of the counts of Flanders, was old Vermandois territory. When Count Baldwin I moved his seat of government to Gent about 1160, he discarded the Vermandois colours for his own famous black lion on a shield of gold.
The first Campbell of whom we have note bore the thoroughly Flemish name of Erkenbald, written in Scotland as Archibald and translated into Gaelic as Gillespic, or "servant of the Church". Gillespic Campbell married Eva, daughter and heiress of Paul O’Dwin, the native lord of Lochow. At that time the western part of the country was not in the hands of the king. Norwegians of Orcadian descent held parts of it, and the rest was controlled by Somerled, lord of Argyll. It was not until the end of the 13th century, when the Norwegian threat had been pushed back, that the Campbell name began to appear in official documents of the region. Up till then, Gillespic Campbell and his heirs might have kept a discreet profile in the west until the quarrel with the men of Lorn in the 1290s, which the Campbells won at the cost of the death in 1294 of their chief and hero, Colin Campbell or Cailean Mor. His son, Sir Neil Campbell of Lochow, married the sister of Robert Bruce.
COMYN
Robert de Comines was made Earl of Northumberland by William the Conqueror in 1069. In 1133, William Comyn, his grandson or great-nephew (the exact relationship is not known) was appointed High Chancellor of Scotland by David I. One of his nephews, Richard, received from David’s son, Prince Henry, the lands of Linton Roderick, in Roxburghshire, which were the first Scottish possessions of this great family. These men of Combines, who became Coming, Cumin, Cumming, were Fleming’s. The
town of Comines is nowadays a substantial place on the border between France and Belgium. In the l1th century it was a small manorial estate in Hainaut belonging to the Count of St Pal whose surname was Campdavene. The St Pal arms have become the famous mark of Comyn- William Comyn’s brother Richard married Hextilda, the granddaughter of Donald Bane, slain in 1097. We know from the Regesta Rerum Scottorum and other sources that a 13th-century Count of St Pal -- by then not any longer Campdavene but Chatillon had built for himself in Inverness that is in Moray a wonderful ship, so that in it he could boldly cross the sea with the Flemings.
CRAWFORD
The first adequately recorded member of the Crawford (or Crawfurd) family is John, stepson of Baldwin the Fleming, of Biggar, who was given lands near Crawford which thereafter became known as Crawfordjohn. Towards the end of the 12th century, William de Lindsay came into Crawford and made the place impregnable by building Tower Lindsay.
The Crawford arms are known to have been borne by castellans of Douai. The labyrinthine inter-relationships of the Flemish nobility in their own country continued into England and Scotland, and there are other clues to the origin of the Crawford arms. Baldwin of Biggar is sometimes described, apparently because of his wife, as Baldwin of Multon. The place is nowadays identified as Moulton in Lincolnshire; its first known holder the Anglo-Flemish Lambert of Multon, also held estates in the north, among them Egremont in Cumberland. Egremont derives from Aigremont, near Lille, then in Flanders though now in the Nord department of France. The lords of Aigremont were peers of Lille, advocates of Tournai, and crusaders. Their arms were identical with those of Crawford.
DOUGLAS
Although William de Douglas was the first known owner of Douglasdale, holding that land between 1174 and 1213, there is no reason to doubt that his father was Theobaldo Flamatico or Theobald the Fleming. The family’s arms indicate the kinship with Murray and a descent like that of Brodie and Innes, from a third son of the house of Boulogne. In Flanders there was a family of the Theobalds who were hereditary castellans of Ypres between about 1060 and 1127, after which their history becomes obscure. Theobald’s lands in Scotland were granted to him soon after 1150 by the Abbot of Kelso. William de Douglas, the heir, having married the sister of Friskin de Kerdale or Freskin of Moray, had by her six sons; the five younger of them all went to Moray to support their uncle there and his own heir, Archenbald, stayed in Lanarkshire to inherit the Douglas estates. He married a daughter of Sir John Crawford.
FLEMING
0f Biggar in Lanarkshire, Baldwin the Fleming was given the onerous sheriffdom of Lanarkshire by David I. He married the unnamed widow of Reginald, fourth son of Alan, Earl of Richmond, and her son John 0f Crawford was to become one of his knights. A sure guide to Baldwin’s ancestry must lie in his armorial bearings which has a double tressure. The tressure is unknown as a heraldic device in any country except Scotland and Flanders, the latter’s use being the earlier. Even there, only one family is shown in surviving records as having borne it, the mighty lords of Gavere, in the province of Gent. A Lord of Gavere married Eve, Lady of Chièvres, about 1130, and their son, Razo IV sported the double tressure on his shield. Eve’s family had been represented in the Conqueror’s army by William de Chièvres who became a powerful baron of Devon. At what date Baldwin left Devon for Scotland is not known. His descendants became the Earls of Wigton and Lords Fleming of Cumbernauld.
GRAHAM
William de Graham first appears in Scotland within a year or two of David’s accession, having been given lands at Dalkeith. He came from Grantham in Lincolnshire (spelt Graham in medieval times), bearing the escallops of Hesdin, and there can be no doubt that he .was the younger son of Arnulf de Hesdin. Arnulf’s death at Antioch had left three unprotected children. Walter, the elder boy, must have gone back to Hesdin, where he eventually inherited the comté; Avelina succeeded to her father’s English possessions; she became the wife of Alan Fitz Flaald and, by him, ancestress of the Scottish Stewart kings. One of William’s descendants was the Duke of Montrose.
HAY
The ancestor of the Scottish Hay family, William de La Haie, came to Scotland in the reign of David I and became butler to both Malcolm IV and William the Lion. His place of origin was named La Haie, near Loos in west Flanders whose lords served the castellans of Lille; their device was exactly like that of the Scottish Hay. The first castellans of Lille descended from the noble Fleming, Saswalo of Phalempin. Their charter surname, de Insula, appears many times in British history and Roger de Insula was the ancestor of the lords Lyle in Scotland. One of his grandsons married Matilda of Wavrin whose family was also of Lille and who could trace their descent from Charlemagne by several lines.
INNES
Berowald was in possession of land named after himself at Berowald’s(or Bo’ness, once the third seaport of Scotland, having a considerable trade with the Low Countries) in West Lothian in the 1150s. He was a man of considerable rank and distinction and by a charter of Malcolm IV in 1154, he was given lands in Moray at Innes and Easter Urquhart. In that charter he is described as Berowaldo Flandrensi -Berowald the Fleming. The award was made in recognition of his good services in putting down the rebellious natives of Moray, and one of the charter witnesses was William, son of Freskin, the ancestor of the Murrays. Berowald’s arms are symbolically the same as Freskin’s, with tinctures changed and tressure omitted, as would be proper for a younger member of the family founding his own dynasty.
LINDSAY
Baldwin of Alost and his younger brother, Gilbert de Ghent, companion of the Conqueror, were sons of Ralph of Alost and cadets of Guines. Gilbert de Ghent, Earl of Lincoln, was father of Walter de Lindsay, ancestor of the Scottish family of Lindsay.
MURRAY
All chroniclers agree that Freskin was a Fleming who was in Scotland in the reign of David I, and was initially allotted estates at Strathbrock in West Lothian. He took part in quelling the insurrection of 1130 in Moray, and was thereafter given the task of defending that county and awarded the extensive lands necessary to do so, his headquarters being at Duffus where he built a mighty fortress. Freskin’s arms, which have passed to his ultimate descendants, the Murray dukes of both Atholl and Sutherland, were the colours and devices of a third son of Boulogne - the family of David’s queen. (The ancient earldom of Atholl bore the colours of Flanders). As a personal name, Freskin does not appear in Flemish dictionaries. It is presumed to be a nickname, perhaps meaning the one with the frizzy hair or curly-headed.
OLIPHANT
The manor of Lilford, Northamptonshire was held at Domesday by the Countess Judith, and her under-tenant there was her nephew, Walter the Fleming. The spelling given in Domesday Book is Lilleford, but the place was also known as Holy Ford. The first Holyford, Olifard or Oliphant of Lilford of whom we have note was Roger, who witnessed a charter to St Andrew’s Priory, Norhtampton, for Simon de Senlis, first husband of Scotland’s Queen Maud. Roger's successor at Lilford was William, and the David Oliphant born there about 1120 who was godson of Maud’s second husband, David of Scotland, was William’s son.
The war between King Stephen and the Empress Maud was a difficult one for all Flemings, but David Oliphant’s dilemma was more acute than most. While fighting for Stephen at Winchester in 1141, young Oliphant became aware that his royal godfather, fighting on the other side, was in great peril. At the risk of his own life he saved the Scottish king and hid him until the way was clear for an escape over the Border. Although the Oliphants continued to hold Lilford until 1266 (when it passed to their kinsman, Walter de Mai-ay), David Oliphant followed his godfather to Scotland and spent the rest of his life there, serving him loyally and wisely as justiciar of Lothian. His heraldic device was that of a second son of Boulogne, so David Oliphant was of the family of Lens like Queen Maud.
SETON
The name derived from the Yorkshire small harbour village of Staithes, nine miles north of Whitby and was in the 1lth century called Seaton Staithes. It was a stronghold for the Seatons. After Domesday but before the end of the 11th century the family name had been drawn inland, most portentously to Rutland, where at the new manor of Seaton the Lady Maud de Lens and her sister Alice were spending the betrothal period before their marriages. Maud’s Scottish son, Prince Henry, would pass the name to Seaton, Cumbria, where he established a cell of his abbey at Holmcultram. Earlier than either of these moves, it went to the Firth of Forth where Queen Maud’s premier Flemish relative, her uncle Seier de Seton built his great place for the protection of herself and her heirs. As their own distinctive crescents show, Seier de Seton and his brother Walter sprang from a second son of the house of Boulogne, Count Lambert de Lens who was the grandfather of Scotland’s Queen Maud. On the Firth of Forth, Seier was called Dougall or the dark stranger, a nickname which was also given to his son Walter
STEWART
The descent of this family from the Breton, Alan Fitz Flaald, is well known and need not be re-told here but the significant ancestry enjoyed by his son Walter, founder of Paisley Abbey and steward to Scottish kings, came through his mother, Avelina de Hesdin. It was the blood of the counts of Hesdin which was venerated in Flanders, and it was that noble heritage which persuaded those Flemings who had made their home and their patrimony in Scotland, to allow Walter’s descendants to occupy its throne. But Alan Fitz Flaald himself possessed a thought-provoking ancestry which it would be unwise to ignore. The Breton Count of Dol appointed his forebear Flaald or Flathauld (? or Fleaunce) to the position of steward or dapifer in his Celtic household. The legend of Banquo’s murder by Macbeth and the flight of his son, Fleaunce, southward, was well known in Scotland long before Shakespeare’s day; the playwright’s information was drawn from Scottish histories. What has never been explored by this legend’s detractors is the close connection between medieval Wales, to which Fleaunce had immediately fled, and Brittany, to whose charters Flaald and his family were contributing in the second half of the 11th century. Church paths - the so-called saints’ paths between Wales and Brittany were very well trodden in the 11th century, and the inhabitants of the two countries could speak each other’s language. Alan Fitz Flaald’s descent from Banquo, thane of Lochaber, need not be summarily dismissed; its attractiveness to those who wish to retain Scotland as a wholly Celtic monarchy is understandable.
Annette Hardie - Stoffelen
Sources
Beryl PLATTS, "Origins of Heraldry", 1980; "Scottish Hazard" Vol,I, 1985, Vol.II, 1990, Procter Press, London.
J.Arnold FLEMING, "Flemish Influence in Britain", 1930, Jackson, Wylie & Co, Glasgow.
Cadder House, photographed in 1870 by Thomas Annan. The mansion was built in 1654 and greatly improved during the early 19th century. In 2004 it is Cadder Golf Club's clubhouse.
The Stirling family acquired the Cadder estate in the 12th century. Charles Stirling (d 1830) of the West Indies merchants Stirling, Gordon & Co built a new wing to the house and laid out ornamental gardens some time after 1816. Sir William Stirling Maxwell held the estate in 1870.
Reference: Sp Coll Dougan Add. 73 Glasgow University Library, Special Collections
``xEEkpVEAVyZgQdXcgDi``x1120519567``xprofile_photos Two Large Images of Stirling Castle``xmike``xTwo large format images of Stirling Castle -
1880's Print of Stirling Castle. Engraver and Printer Unknown.
Stirling Castle Print Etched by S.Middiman, finished by W.Byrne - 1781
Beautiful original eighteenth century engraving of Stirling castle. Published by T.Hearne & W.Byrne, March 1781. Size: 27.5 x 23cm
Part of the U.S. Federal Censuses from 1850-1880 included a mortality schedule enumerating the individuals who had died in the previous year. Because each of the censuses from 1850-1880 began on June 1, "previous year" refers to the 12 months preceding June 1, or June 1 (of the previous year) to May 31 (of the census year).
Researched and submitted by Rick Stirling May 5, 2005
Name Place of Death Census Birth Year Place of Birth Gender Age
Starling, Edward Janesville, Greenwood, Kansas Territory 1870 abt 1835 Minnesota Male 35
Starling, Elizabeth District 148, Vinton, Ohio 1850 abt 1771 Pennsylvania Female 79
Starling, Emaline Blackankle, Upson, Georgia 1880 abt 1877 Georgia Female 3
Starling, Emma Grand Rapids, Kent, Michigan 1880 abt 1877 Female 3 6/12
Starling, Emma L Detroit Ward 9, Wayne, Michigan 1880 abt 1877 Michigan Female 3
Starling, Femie Northern Division, Sampson, NC 1860 abt 1789 North Carolina Female 71
Starling, Frank Troy, Athens, Ohio 1880 abt 1876 Ohio Male 4
Starling, Jeraldine H Polkton, Ottawa, Michigan 1860 Michigan Female 1/12
Starling, Jessee The South Side of Nurse, Wayne, NC 1850 abt 1817 Male 33
Starling, Matilda Henderson, Rusk, Texas 1880 abt 1861 Texas Female 19
Starling, Robert Horse Pasture, Henry, Virginia 1880 Virginia Male 5/12
Starling, Salice Hopkinsville, Christian, Kentucky 1870 abt 1859 Kentucky Female 11
Starling, William Subdivision 5, Burke, Georgia 1880 abt 1831 North Carolina Male 49
Starling, William Beulah, Johnston, North Carolina 1880 North Carolina Male 11/12
Sterling Knoxville, Marion, Iowa 1880 abt 1823 Ohio Male 57
Sterling Ward 3, St Landry, Louisiana 1880 Louisiana Female
Sterling Not Stated, Tyler, Texas 1860 abt 1844 Mississippi Male 16
Sterling, ??es T Austin, Travis, Texas 1860 Texas Male 3/12
Sterling, Amanda E Indian Creek, Story, Iowa 1870 Iowa Female 5/12
Sterling, Annie New Orleans, Orleans, Louisiana 1880 abt 1866 Louisiana Female 14
Sterling, Byron East Liverpool, Columbiana, Ohio 1880 abt 1879 Pennsylvania Male 1
Sterling, Charles Township 12, Macoupin, Illinois 1870 abt 1869 Illinois Male 1
Sterling, Edward E Gloucester, Camden, New Jersey 1870 abt 1868 Delaware Male 2
Sterling, Edwin Toronto, Woodson, Kansas Territory 1870 abt 1836 New York Male 34
Sterling, Elizabeth District No 1, Rockingham, Virginia 1860 abt 1779 Maryland Female 81
Sterling, Emily Wakefield, Middlesex, Massachusetts 1880 abt 1845 Nova Scotia Male 35
Sterling, Emily C Wakefield, Middlesex, Massachusetts 1880 abt 1855 Nova Scotia Female 25
Sterling, Emma Pere Marquette, Mason, Michigan 1870 abt 1869 Michigan Female 1
Sterling, Fannie Not Stated, Sabine, Louisiana 1880 abt 1849 Louisiana Female 31
Sterling, Francis Newark Wards, Essex, New Jersey 1860 abt 1830 France Male 30
Sterling, Greal Knoxville, Marion, Iowa 1880 abt 1824 Ireland Male 56
Sterling, H C Not Stated, St Tammany, Louisiana 1850 Louisiana Male 6/12
Sterling, Hattie Township 12, Macoupin, Illinois 1870 abt 1866 Illinois Female 4
Sterling, Homer C Prairie, Shelby, Illinois 1870 Illinois Male 11/12
Sterling, Infant Not Stated, Troup, Georgia 1870 Georgia Female
Sterling, Infant Prairie, Shelby, Illinois 1870 Illinois Female 3days
Sterling, Jacobina District 145, Tuscarawas, Ohio 1850 abt 1846 Ohio Female 4
Sterling, James Not Stated, Grimes, Texas 1870 abt 1860 Texas Black Male 10
Sterling, Jane Lawrence, Essex, Massachusetts 1880 abt 1824 Scotland Female 56
Sterling, Jane Lawrence Ward 6, Essex, Massachusetts 1880 abt 1827 England Female 53
Sterling, Lewis Grand Rapids Ward 8, Kent, Michigan 1880 Michigan Male 3/12
Sterling, Lucy Grafton, York, Virginia 1870 abt 1856 Virginia Female 14
Sterling, Mahaly Green, Pottawatomie, Kansas 1880 abt 1879 Pennsylvania Female 1
Sterling, Maherly Green, Pottawatomie, Kansas 1880 abt 1879 Pennsylvania Female 1
Sterling, Malina Not Stated, Blount, Tennessee 1850 abt 1807 Female 43
Sterling, Margaret J Subdivision 13, Knox, Tennessee 1850 abt 1817 Tennessee Female 33
Sterling, Martha Canton, Wayne, Michigan 1860 abt 1840 Michigan Female 20
Sterling, Martha S Not Stated, Harris, Georgia 1870 abt 1863 Georgia Female 7
Sterling, Mary Militia District 36, Gwinnett, Georgia 1850 abt 1811 Georgia Female 39
Sterling, Mary Not Stated, Warren, Illinois 1850 abt 1810 Pennsylvania Female 40
Sterling, Matilda District No 1, Rockingham, Virginia 1860 abt 1830 Virginia Female 30
Sterling, No Name Greenfield, Fairfield, Ohio 1880 Ohio Female 3/12
Sterling, Rachel Franklin, Wayne, Ohio 1850 abt 1823 Ohio Female 27
Sterling, Samuel Lockport, Saint Joseph, Michigan 1880 abt 1810 Connecticut Male 70
Sterling, Sarah J Clear Creek, Stafford, Kansas 1880 abt 1844 New York Female 36
Sterling, Talitha A Greenfield, Fairfield, Ohio 1880 abt 1848 Ohio Female 32
Sterling, Thomas Not Stated, Madison, Illinois 1850 abt 1847 Missouri Male 3
Sterling, William Chicago Ward 7, Cook, Illinois 1880 abt 1876 Illinois Male 4
Sterling, William Trenton Ward 2, Mercer, New Jersey 1860 abt 1822 New Jersey Male 38
Sterling, William W Township 17, Champaign, Illinois 1860 Illinois Male 8/12
Sterling, Windsor Chicago, Cook, Illinois 1880 abt 1877 New York Male 3
Sterling, Wm B Not Stated, Cumberland, New Jersey 1880 abt 1791 USA Male 89
Stirling, Charles Ward 10, West Feliciana, Louisiana 1880 abt 1879 Louisiana Male 1
Stirling, Clara Detroit Ward 9, Wayne, Michigan 1880 abt 1863 Ohio Female 17
Stirling, Clarence M Not Stated, East Feliciana, Louisiana 1850 abt 1836 Louisiana Male 14
Stirling, Eppie Franklin, St Mary, Louisiana 1880 abt 1811 Louisiana Female 69
Stirling, Jane E Jersey City Ward 2, Hudson, New Jersey 1860 abt 1857 New Jersey Female 3
Stirling, William Brown, Linn, Iowa 1860 abt 1825 Ohio Male 35
The artist and engraver are unknown, this print dates from 1845. The size of the image is 4 3/4 x 7 1/4, overall.
An excerpt from the original description:
Castle of Doune was the theater of several important deeds, and the theme of more than one pathetic ballad. It overhangs the point of a narrow green promontory, with the Teith rolling at its base on one side, and the mountain torrent of Ardoch descending with its tribute from the other.
According to tradition, it claims for its founder the unfortunate Murdoch, duke of Albany, whose fate we have already noticed; but it is evidently of much earlier date, and belongs to the first-rate order of Scottish fortresses. At one end of the front, a spacious square tower rises to the height of eighty feet, succeeded by another of inferior dimensions from behind the opposite extremity.
The great hall, or state chamber between the towers, is seventy feet long, and that in the great tower, forty-five by thirty feet. The kitchen fire-place alone seems of sufficient capacity to have accommodated with warmth and viands a full host of retainers. The whole structure, surrounded by a back wall forty feet high, forms an ample quadrangle of massive architecture.
In the reign of James V., Sir Tames Stewart of Beath, ancestor of the Moray family, was appointed constable of the Castle; and his son obtained a charter, under the great seal, of certain lands to be called the barony of Doune. In the succeeding reign, it served as a retreat for the loyalists of that unhappy period. The demesnes of the castle having been erected into a barony prior to the abolition of hereditary jurisdiction in the year 1748, courts of law were held in it; but, happily for the Scottish peasantry, these "hereditary and exclusive privileges" were thenceforth solemnly transferred to the executive government of the country.
Queen Margaret and her unfortunate grand-daughter Mary, are said to have frequently resided here.
``xEEpEkFuuVZsCZxEkpJ``x1101234457``xprofile_photos William Stirling Parkerson Biography``xmike``xWilliam Stirling Parkerson is a descendant of Alexander Stirling of St. Mary's Parish Louisiana thru his mother Elizabeth H. Stirling.
SOURCE: Biographical Memoirs of Louisiana Vol II, 1892. Page Q Chicago Goodspeed Publishing Co.
William Stirling Parkerson, one of the leading members of the New Orleans bar, as well as one of the most brilliant orators of the South, is a native of Louisiana, he being born on the Stirling plantation, in St. Mary's Parish, on the 24th of April 1857.
His father, James G. Parkerson, still resides in the state. He was at one time an extensive sugar planter in the parish of St. Mary. The immediate maternal ancestor of our subject is Elizabeth H. Stirling, who still survives. His ancestry on both sides are natives of Louisiana. Descended from a line of ancestry in whose veins mingled the blood of the sturdy English and Scotch races, WIlliam S. Parkerson has inherited those principles of honesty and unswerving determination of purpose, the attributes of those people and which, when the time was ripe, stood out so plainly in his own career.
He attended the Rugby school at Franklin, La., until he had attained the age of seventeen years, at which time he became a student at St. Stephen's college, of New York, from which institution he graduated in 1879. During his entire school work he applied himself with such diligence that his general average was ninety-five. He had early decided upon the legal profession, and in the fall of 1879 he entered the law department of the University of Louisiana (now known as Tulane University), and graduated in May 1880, being chosen valedictorian of his class. In January, 1881, he began the practice of law in New Orleans and soon acquired distinction.
He has rapidly gathered about him a large and extensive practice, requiring his attention in the federal, state and district courts. In conducting a case in court is, perhaps, where the inexhaustible energy, the great talent and wonderful ability of the man are most vividly shown, or perhaps it were better to state, called into action. Cool, quiet and dignified, he is ever courteous and considerate toward his opponent and associates, always treating them with deference and respect, but this does not suffer the slightest point to escape his vigilance.
Carefully watching his vantage-ground, he quickly detects the points involved, and with that ability which has won so often, applies them to his case. He is a forcible speaker, and when absorbed in the interests of a case he loses sight of all else and his arguments carry conviction with them. He is, perhaps, aided in this by his knightly bearing, being a man of commanding and pleasing personal appearance.
On October 24 he was united in the bonds of matrimony with Miss Alice. P. Putnam, of New Orleans, and to them have been born three children - two sons and one daughter. Taking into consideration the age, Mr. Parkerson is one of the most prominent, influential and respected citizens of the city. Ever active in political affairs and a staunch supporter of the democracy, we find him in 1888 the president of the Young Men's Democratic association. The aim of this organization was the purification of municipal politics, and the elimination of certain objectionable factors. It entered the political arena boldly and was led to signal victory by their chosen guide. In acknowledgment of his brilliant services he was tendered the position of city attorney by the unanimous vote of the city council. This honor, however, he declined.
Her sterling qualities as an orator and leader have recently been severely tested, and the calmness and composure with which he faced the responsibility, when the confidence and respect of the better classes, who protested against the interference with the administration and the clogging of the wheels of justice by bribery. When the populace arose en masse at the refusal on the part of an intimidated or bribe-fixed jury to convict the murderers of Chief of Police Henessey, Mr. Parkerson became a leader, and they proceeded to avenge one of the most dastardly outrages ever committed in a civilized community. This test of Mr. Parkerson's courage and ability as a leader has attracted the attention of the entire country, and has brought him into prominence abroad as well as at home.
A most convincing proof of this fact is the invitation recently extended to him by the citizens of Bloomington, Illinois, to deliver the oration at the celebration of the one hundred and fifteenth anniversary of the Independence of the United States. He accepted the invitation and on July 4th, 1891 addressed an audience of over 12,000. His address, which was widely published by the press of our country, shows a true spirit of patriotism and places him among our most prominent public orators.
``xEEpEEyZuEpgxZNShIv``x1101167410``xprofile_research Auldhouse - Held by Sir William Stirling Maxwell``xmike``x
Auldhouse, in the Parish of Eastwood, near Glasgow.
The present mansion house has been erected at four periods; the latest addition to the house was built by the father of the late Sir John Maxwell, and this with former additions has made it large and commodious.
Over the fire-place in the kitchen, which was built in 1631, there is the following -
"THE BODIE FOR THE SAVL WAS FRAMD : THIS HOVS THE BODY FOR :
IN HEAVNE FOR BOTH MY PLACE IS NAMD IN BLISS MY GOD T'ADOR. - 1631."
It is supposed that this inscription was the work of Mr. George Maxwell of Auldhouse, minister of Mearns, or his son, Mr. John Maxwell, younger of Auldhouse, minister of the High Church, Glasgow, The latter, by bond dated 20th May, 1631, narrates that he and his father have founded, and are of intention to build houses, one or more, and to repair houses already built upon at their equal expenses; and Mr. John Maxwell becomes bound to disburse penny about with his father.
The lands of Auldhouse came into possession of the Pollok Maxwell family about the middle of the fifteenth century. Thomas Maxwell, the second of the family who possessed them, is designated of Auldhouse in 1517, and it is very probable that his father, Thomas Maxwell, who first appears on record in 1476, received these lands, as a suitable portion for a younger son, from his father, Thomas Maxwell, who was laird of Pollok from 1429 to 1450.
John Maxwell, seventh of Auldhouse, 1634-1666, was educated for the church, and became minister of the parish of Eastwood about 1620, where he continued to labour till 1630, when he was translated to the High Church, Glasgow. He was elected Dean of Faculty of the University in 1632, and appointed to the higher office of Rector in 1636. The office thus filled by Mr. Maxwell was also held by his son, Sir George Maxwell, who succeeded his cousin Sir John in the estate of Pollok, and by his grandson, Sir John, a Baronet of Nova Scotia in 1682, and Lord Justice Clerk in 1702.
Mr. Maxwell lived in the troublous times of the Church. He went to Ireland in 1640, where he received a clerical appointment. He continued there till about the year 1643, when, on the breaking out of the rebellion, he returned to Scotland. Having by this time modified his dislike to the Covenant, he was appointed a second time minister of Eastwood, but was still suspected by the Covenanters of a leaning to the Episcopal form of church government. At last he was ordered by the General Assembly to give forth a particular renunciation of Episcopacy.
Robert Pollok, otherwise Hutcheson, (1) of Auchingray, married Grizzel Maxwell of Blawart Hill, a niece of Sir George Maxwell of Auldhouse and Pollok. He had been very anxious to make the purchase of Auldhouse, and pressed and entreated Sir George to sell it to him, saying, "His heart and eye were in it, and God's curse be on them that shall get it, if he do not."
In 1710 the lands of Auldhouse became the property of Robert Sanders, printer and bookseller in Glasgow, as vassal to my Lord Pollok. Semple, in his history of Renfrewshire, says the house and lands came afterwards to Mr. John Wardrop, bailie of the regality of Glasgow; he was succeeded by his son Robert, who, in the year 1782, alienated the house and lands of Auldhouse to Jean Maxwell, sister of Sir James Maxwell of Nether Pollok.
This Robert Sanders of Auldhouse, 10th November, 1726, disponed to the Merchants' House of Glasgow a bond of one thousand merks, due by James Dunlop of Househill, to continue at interest until it amounted to two thousand merks, the interest of which, he directed, should be given as an apprentice fee to a poor boy, son of a burgess of the craft rank and freeman of his corporation, to be bound to any lawful calling of the craft rank. The deed is registered in the town court books of Glasgow 20th May, 1730.
On the 9th February, 1728, by another deed, he mortified to the Merchants' House the whole of his estate of Auldhouse, for the payment of one hundred pounds Scots yearly as a bursary at the College of Glasgow to a young man, a student of Divinity, for five years, and of one hundred merks as apprentice fees to poor boys, sons of honest poor burgesses merchants or tradesmen, to be bound to any lawful trade or calling within the city of Glasgow, the apprentice fee being payable year and day after admission. Subsequently he bequeathed the whole of his property to the Merchants' House for the better endowment of his mortification.
``xEEpEpEAZkkBimGuiIS``x1101019722``xprofile_maxwell The Guard Room In Stirling Castle Print``xmike``x
The Guard Room In Stirling Castle - Artist: Cattermole, Engraver: Brandard
This print dates before 1900, the size of the image is 4 x 51/8. The artist was Cattermole, the engraving was done by Brandard.
An excerpt from the original description:
It [the castle] was the birth-place of James II., and a favourite residence of the succeeding princes. The palace was built by James V. Its form is quadrangular; the exterior walls are of polished stone; and the whole is ornamented with statues, in the taste of that amorous prince. On the south angle, of which the architecture is much plainer, there is an apartment called " Douglas's Room," which is supposed to have been the scene of the murder of one of that family, perpetrated by James II., with his own hand. If the tradition be correct, this portion of the building is, of course, the most ancient. On the western side there is a low-roofed edifice, originally a chapel, and it is here that the baptism of James VI. took place. The father, although in the town, was not present; and Mr. Chambers, in his " Picture," informs us, that a house is still pointed out, where the imbecile Darnley spent the time of the baptism, "" with a few drinking companions, in riotous and ostentatious debauchery."
``xEEpEpEVpZVGlpiObBh``x1101015075``xprofile_castle Two Amazing Images of Stirling Castle!``xmike``x
Two Amazing Views of Stirling Castle - 1900's. Photographer Unknown
Stirling Castle from Kings Park - Valentine Series
History of the Quakers In Jamaica - A Stirling Connection?
Excerpt from the book "Jamaican Ancestry: How to Find Out More" by Madeleine Mitchell.
A small group of Quakers were early settlers of Jamaica from England, particularly in St. Elizabeth, Westmoreland Spanish Town and Kingston, are are recorded from 1679 in Port Royal. Most of the Friends however left the island forPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania by 1749 and only a few references to transferring lands previously owned by Quakers were record up to the 1790's.
Minutes for the Meetings for Suggerings, Minutes of the Yearly Meeting, Letters Received and Sent and as well as some miscellaneous papers may be seen in the Society of Friends Library, London. More information on the documents available in the above library, including pages and volume numbers, may be found in "Sources of Jamaican History 1655-1838 by K.E. Ingram.
American researchers who cannot make the connection between Pennsylvania Quaker families and those in England might consider the possibility that their families made a home in Jamaica before removing to the United States. Any existing records would be in London, except for land patents and deeds of land sales that are in Jamaica.
Burial grounds of Quakers in Jamaica are mentioned in letters, but it is unlikely that any monumental inscriptions survive in Jamaica. (Page 16-17)
There is some information that suggests members of the Stirling family may have been active Quakers in Jamaica during this time period. If you have any additional information about Stirling family members and their participation in Quaker activities in either England, Scotland, Jamaica or the US, please contact Clan Stirling Online.
``xEEpEpppuplYFIeOEcI``x1101000408``xprofile_research Quaker Map of New York Yearly Meetings``xmike``x
Map of the Meetings Constituting New York Yearly Meeting of Quakers (Friends) 1893
| Feature Name | St | County Equivalent Name | Type |  |  | USGS 7.5' Map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Starlington | AL | Butler | populated place | 314029N | 0864931W | Georgiana West |
| Starlington Church | AL | Butler | church | 314024N | 0864920W | Georgiana West |
| Starlington Lookout Tower | AL | Butler | tower | 314122N | 0864925W | Georgiana West |
| Starlington Post Office (historical) | AL | Butler | post office | UNKNOWN | UNKNOWN | Georgiana West |
| Starlington School (historical) | AL | Butler | school | UNKNOWN | UNKNOWN | Georgiana West |
| Starling Cemetery | AL | Cherokee | cemetery | 341552N | 0854134W | Little River |
| Starling Gap | AL | Cherokee | gap | 341538N | 0854256W | Little River |
| Starlings Pond | AL | Henry | reservoir | 313222N | 0850947W | Abbeville East |
| Starling Cemetery | AL | Pike | cemetery | 314523N | 0855600W | Troy |
| Starling Church (historical) | AL | Wilcox | church | 315805N | 0865634W | Pine Apple North |
| Starling Creek | AR | Lawrence | stream | 361327N | 0911458W | Imboden |
| Starling Ford | GA | Echols | crossing | 304646N | 0824929W | Thelma |
| Starling Branch | GA | Upson | stream | 324806N | 0841747W | Lincoln Park |
| Starling Branch | KY | Pulaski | stream | 370455N | 0845253W | Eli |
| Starling (historical) | LA | East Baton Rouge | populated place | 301919N | 0910745W | Plaquemine |
| Starling Store (historical) | LA | East Baton Rouge | locale | 302157N | 0910710W | Saint Gabriel |
| Starling Lake | MN | Lake | lake | 474333N | 0913622W | Slate Lake East |
| Starling Spring | MO | Camden | spring | 380201N | 0925034W | Green Bay Terrace |
| Starling Road Church | MO | Jefferson | church | 382647N | 0902117W | Oakville |
| Starling Mill (historical) | MS | Clarke | locale | 315315N | 0884439W | De Soto |
| Starling Cemetery | MS | Copiah | cemetery | 314715N | 0902329W | Hazlehurst |
| Starling | NC | Onslow | populated place | 344228N | 0771355W | Hubert |
| Starling Bridge | NC | Sampson | bridge | 351134N | 0783827W | Wade |
| Starling Junior High School | OH | Franklin | school | 395719N | 0830213W | Southwest Columbus |
